Which principle limits government power over individuals?

The Bill of Rights is the correct answer as it explicitly limits government power over individuals by enumerating specific protections and liberties afforded to citizens. Ratified in 1791, these first ten amendments to the United States Constitution serve to safeguard fundamental rights such as freedom of speech, religion, assembly, and the right to due process. By outlining these rights, the Bill of Rights effectively constrains governmental authority and ensures that individuals have certain freedoms that cannot be infringed upon by the state.

In contrast, federalism addresses the distribution of power between national and state governments but does not specifically limit governmental action against individuals. Sovereign immunity is a legal doctrine that protects the government from being sued without its consent, which does not function to limit its power over individuals in terms of rights. Judicial review allows courts to interpret the constitutionality of laws and executive actions, but it is the Bill of Rights that provides explicit individual protections against governmental overreach. Thus, the Bill of Rights directly embodies the principle of limiting government power in relation to individual freedoms.