Which rights are protected by the First Amendment?

The First Amendment of the United States Constitution enshrines several fundamental rights that are crucial to the democratic process and individual liberty. Specifically, it protects the freedoms of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition. These rights are designed to ensure that individuals can express themselves freely, practice their chosen religions, communicate their thoughts and ideas through the press, gather peacefully in groups, and address their government regarding grievances.

The significance of these protections lies in their role in promoting a vibrant public discourse and preventing the government from silencing dissent. For instance, freedom of speech allows individuals to express their opinions without fear of government retaliation, while freedom of religion ensures that people can worship—or not worship—according to their beliefs. The combination of these rights fosters an environment where diverse perspectives and ideas can coexist, which is essential for a healthy democracy.

In contrast, other options refer to rights protected by different amendments or legal frameworks. The right to bear arms is primarily found in the Second Amendment. Protection from double jeopardy is established in the Fifth Amendment, and civil rights against discrimination are largely governed by various civil rights laws and amendments, particularly the Fourteenth Amendment. Therefore, the correct answer accurately reflects the specific rights enshrined in the First Amendment.